| Acceleration Time, Engagement Time |
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The time required to change the speed of a system from the moment the clutch receives the appropriate electrical signal, until the clutch is fully engaged and the system is moving at its maximum speed. |
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| Annealing |
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The "softening" of metal by heating and slow cooling. This is done on clutch and brake magnets, armatures, and rotors to insure rapid and complete magnetizing and de-magnetizing |
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| Anti-backlash Armature |
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A spring-mounted armature designed to eliminate backlash and noise caused by the armature dragging. |
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| ATB/ATC |
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Brakes and Clutches designed for long life, efficient operation, and can be motor shaft or through shaft mounted. Their wear surfaces can be easily replaced. |
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| ATTB/ATTC |
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Advanced Technology Brakes and Clutches, fully assembled at the factory, easily repaired. |
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| Autogap ™ |
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A Warner Electric patented spring loaded device in clutches and brakes that automatically separates the armature from the friction face and adjusts for wear. Available in certain Warner Electric units 2.5" diameter and above. |
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| Backing Plate |
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The circular formed steel plate on which armature segments are welded. |
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| Bearing Mount |
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In SF and SFC clutch fields, it means a method of mounting the fields. Another method of mounting fields is called "flange mounted". In certain other models of clutches, bearing mount refers to a clutch which is preassembled into a complete operating unit and is then mounted directly to the shaft. |
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| Blade-Brake Clutch |
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A mechanical packaged clutch/brake which allows the cutting blade on a walk behind mower to be disengaged from the engine and stopped, while the engine continues to run. |
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| British Thermal Unit (BTU) |
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The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 lb. of water 1° F at a stated temperature. |
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| Brushes |
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Electrical conductors made of carbon which transfer electricity to a rotating collector ring. Brushes are used on Warner Electric PC and PCC clutches which employ rotating Magnets. |
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| Brushholder |
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A clutch component which carries electrical current from the lead wires to a rotating magnet |
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| Build Up Time |
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The time in seconds required to build up to 90% of rated flux which corresponds to 80% rated torque. |
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| Burnishing |
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The process of cycling or "wearing in" of clutch or brake friction surfaces. This process ensures rated torque during initial cycles, and decreases the cycles required from installation to full rated torque output. |
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| CBC |
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An acronym which precedes the part number on our Clutch/Brake Controls. |
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| CMS - Commercial MagStop® |
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A packaged Electromagnetic Clutch with a Permanent Magnet Brake for heavy-duty mowers for large grounds maintenance requirements. |
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| Collector Ring |
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A circular electrical conductor (ring) which, while moving, is able to transfer current from stationary brushes. The collector ring is used on Warner Electric PC and PCC clutches. |
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| Conversion Factors Table |
Millimeters x 0.03937 = inches
Inches x 25.4 = millimeters
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Inches x 2.54 = centimeters
Meters/minute x 3.28 = feet/minute
Feet/minute x 0.3048 = meters/minute
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Pounds x 0.4536 = kilograms
Newtons x 0.22482 = pounds
Pounds x 4.48 = Newtons
Watts x 0.001341 = horsepower
Horsepower x 746 = watts
Kilogram-meter² x 23.753 = pound-feet²
Pound-feet² x 0.0421 = kilogram-meter²
Newton-meter x 0.722 = pound-feet
Pound-feet x 1.385 = Newton-meter
Grams/meter² x 0.613495 = pounds (basis weight)
Pounds (basis weight) x 1.63 = grams/meter²
Lineal feet = 36,000 x roll weight / roll width x basis weight
Approximate roll unwind time = lineal feet / linear speed
Effective cylinder force at a given air pressure:
FCYL(lbs) = PPSI x (cylinder piston diameter)²(in²) x 
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| 4 |
Example:
PSI = 30
CYL dia. = 2 in.
F = 30 x 2² x / 4 = 94.2 lbs.
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| CSA |
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Canadian Standards Association - an organization which tests electrical equipment for product safety - similar to Underwriters Laboratory in the USA. |
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| Decay Time |
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The time in seconds required, on de-energization of the unit, to decay to 10% of rated flux, which corresponds to 1% of rated torque, |
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| Deceleration Time, Engagement Time |
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The time required to stop a system from the moment the brake receives the appropriate electrical signal until the brake is statically engaged and the system is at rest |
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| EB - Electro Brakes |
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Motor or through Shaft mounted Brakes with external torque arms. |
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| EC - Electro Clutches |
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Motor or through Shaft mounted Clutches |
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| EM - Electro Module |
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A C-face packaged Clutch and/or Brake units that bolt together to form many combinations. Designed for Motor/Reducer or Base mounting. |
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| Energy (ft. lb./min.) |
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A measure of heat expressed in ft. lb./min. x 0.00128593 = B.T.U./min. |
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| EP - Electro Pack |
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A Clutch/Brake package in a base mounted housing. |
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| EP - C Electro Pack |
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A clutch/Brake package in a base mounted housing with Ceramic friction surfaces for longer life. |
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| ER |
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A Brake electrically released when the power is on. |
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| ERD |
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A spring applied, electrically released brake designed for use where dynamic stopping capabilities exist. A manual release option is available |
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| ERD - H |
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A hydraulically amplified, spring applied, electrically released brake for use as a holding and emergency stopping brake. |
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| ERS |
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An electrically released, spring applied Brake for static holding applications. |
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| EUM - Enclosed Unimodule |
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Totally enclosed clutch/brake packages to keep wear particles in and contaminant out. |
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| EUM - W |
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An enclosed Unimodule with washdown capabilities. Utilizes a USDA approved exterior coating. |
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| FB |
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An electrically released, Permanent Magnet applied brake designed for dynamic stopping operations(including fail safe operations). |
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| FBC |
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EM-FBCAn electrically released Fail Safe Brake designed to be used with a clutch. |
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UM-FBCIs a clutch with an electrically released Fail Safe Brake. |
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| Field |
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A component part of Warner Electric clutches consisting of a steel shell and a coil. Also referred to as a magnet. |
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| Field and Rotor |
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The part of clutches which incorporates the non-rotating magnetic field and the rotating friction surface. |
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| Flange |
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Mounting plate located on the back of brake magnets and clutch fields. |
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| Flux |
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Magnetic attraction caused by an electrical current. |
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| Force |
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That which changes or tends to change the state of rest or motion of a body. |
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| Friction Face Material |
Standard: A non-metallic material formulated to provide a reasonable compromise between waer rate, heat dissipation, and coefficient of friction.
LK: A low coefficient friction material for certain clutches and brakes. Reduces torque and increases life. Very useful for slipping applications and "soft" starts and stops.
Ceramic: A material designed to provide long life in high cycle rate applications. |
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| Gap |
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The distance between armature and magnetic poles in clutches and brakes when the unit is in an inactive state(i.e. disengaged). |
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| Glaze |
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A polished, slick and shiny condition that occurs on the face of the friction material. Glaze is not a desirable condition. |
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| Inertia |
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That property of a body to continue in the state of motion or rest in which it may be placed until acted upon by some force. |
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| Integral Key |
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A key shaped directly into the bore of a clutch. This is sometimes used in place of a standard keyway and key |
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| HD |
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Heavy duty model for severe applications. |
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| Housing Types |
Enclosed/Closed - A total enclosed, rugged housing that keeps wear particles in, contaminants out, and provides quiet operations.
Open - An open, finned housing, which allows for free air flow for cooling purposes. A cooling fan may be installed for superior heat dissipation characteristics.
Wash Down - A totally enclosed housing which is further sealed and painted with a BISSC ap[proved paint, to withstand repeated wash downs with aqueous cleaning solutions. |
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| Heat Dissipation Rate |
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The capability of a clutch or brake to dissipate energy in the form of heat that is generated in a given time interval. |
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| Horsepower |
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33,000 ft. lbs. per minute. |
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| HT |
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High Torque Model. |
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| I.M. or Inside Mounted |
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Refers to the location of the mounting holes on the flange of magnets or fields. |
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| K Factor |
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A service factor which helps account for the maximum torque a motor can produce momentarily. |
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| Kinetic Energy |
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Energy of a body possessed by virtue of its velocity. |
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| LK - Friction Material |
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A low coefficient friction material for certain clutches and brakes. Reduces torque and increases life. Very useful for slipping applications and "soft" starts and stops. |
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| MagStop® |
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A patented packaged PTO clutch/brake which combines permanent magnet brake technology with and electromagnetic clutch. |
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| MB |
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A flange mounted Motor Brake. |
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| MB( )/MC( ) |
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Permanent Magnet Brakes and Clutches provide constant torque independent of slip speed. |
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| MBFB |
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An electrically released, Permanent Magnet applied Brake, designed to be mounted on the backside of a double shaft end motor, to provide for dynamic stopping (including fail safe operations). |
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| MCS |
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An acronym which proceeds the part number on Warner Electric's Motion Control System electronic controls. |
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| MPB/MPC |
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A Magnetic Particle Brake or Clutch |
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| MTB |
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Modular Tension Brakes; a system capable of continuous slip. |
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| Moment of Inertia (WR2) |
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Weight of an object times (the object's radius of gyration)2 |
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| NEMA |
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National Electrical Manufactureers Association Standard which specifies pilot diameters and shaft/bore sizes to allow for mounting compatibility among various industrial components such as motors, speed reducers, and clutches/brakes. |
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| Normal Duty |
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Describes a product designed for normal duty application. |
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| O.M. or Outside Mounted |
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Refers to the location of the mounting holes on the flange of the magnets or fields. |
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| Overexcitation (OEX) |
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A condition of applying momentary (short duration) high voltage to clutches or brakes for ultra-fast engagement. Warner Electric manufactures several special OEX power supplies to accomplish this function. |
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| PB/PC |
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A flange mounted primary brake or clutch. |
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| PBM |
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Electromagnetic friction clutch in metric dimensions, user assembled from standard components for optimum performance in the smallest possible package size. |
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| PCB |
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A flange mounted primary clutch/brake combination |
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| PCC |
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A flange mounted primary clutch coupling. |
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| PCBC |
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A flange mounted primary clutch/brake coupling. |
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| PHC - R |
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Magnetic Particle Clutch, hollow bore, ideal for shaft mounting, with integral cooling fan. |
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| Pin Drive |
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A type of armature drive which uses pins to hold the armature to the hub, pulley, gear, or other rotating part. Two other types of Warner Electric armature drives are "spline Drive" and "anti-backlash". |
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| PMC - A3 |
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Permanent Magnet Clutch with a doubled ended shaft. Can be used as either a clutch or brake. |
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| POB/POC |
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Magnetic Particle Brakes and Clutches with shaft inputs and outputs |
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| Poles |
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Refers to the magnet poles: North/South Poles The edge of a Warner Electric magnet shell, through which the magnetic flux flows. |
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| Potential Energy |
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Energy of a body possessed by virtue of its configuration. |
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| Pound ft2 |
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(WR2) = Moment of Inertia. Weight of an object times the object's radius of gyration2. |
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| Potting Compound |
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The material in some magnets which is a filler between the coil and shell. Used to secure and insulate the coil and eliminate damage from vibrations. |
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| PRB - H |
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A Magnetic Particle Brake with a hollow through bore and a pilot for mounting. |
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| PTB - BL3 |
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A magnetic Particle Brake for pilot mounting with an input shaft and a Heat pipe and blower for superior heat dissipation. |
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| Pulley |
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A sheave that turns or is turned by a belt so as to transmit torque, rotation. |
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| Residual Magnetism |
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The condition in magnets where low level magnetism remains after the electric current is removed. |
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| Rotor |
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The rotating member of a clutch which carries the friction material facing. |
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| RPM |
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Revolutions per minute. |
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| Segments |
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Pie-shaped steel pieces that comprise the friction surface of an armature. The segmented construction permits more effective heat dissipation without distortion or surface warping. |
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| Service Factor |
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A figure by which torque is multiplied to ensure performance of the clutch under the worst case application conditions |
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| SF |
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A flange or bearing mounted, stationary field clutch. |
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| SFC |
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A flange or bearing mounted stationary field clutch coupling. |
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| SFP |
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A stationary field, packaged Clutch. |
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| SFPCB |
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A stationary field primary clutch/brake coupling combination. |
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| Shell |
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The steel outer casing of a magnet or field in which the coil, potting compound, and friction material is placed. |
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| Shock Load |
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The load seen by a clutch or brake in a system which transmits high peak loads such as from an internal combustion engine, particularly a diesel engine, a reciprocating type compressor, an unbalanced load condition, etc. |
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| Slug |
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The mass which will acquire an acceleration of one ft. per sec.2 when acted upon by a force of one lb. wt. |
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| Slug - Ft2 |
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Moment of inertia equal to: lb. ft.2/32.1739. |
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| Spline Drives |
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A gear drive which provides axial freedom and a positive radial connection (i.e., Torque, Rotation). Typically used in Warner Electric heavy duty armatures. |
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| Static Friction |
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That friction which opposes motion when there is no slipping. |
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| Tapered Bore (Shaft) |
Many hydraulic pumps incorporate a taper on the output shaft, providing stronger clutch-to-shaft engagement, than on a straight shaft. Tapered shafts are most commonly in 4:1 and 8:1 taper ratios.
4:1 Taper: The shaft changes in diameter by one inch for each four inches of length.
8:1 Taper: The shaft changes in diameter by one inch for each eight inches of length. |
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| TB |
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Basic Tension Brake. |
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| TCS |
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An acronym which precedes the part number on Warner Electric's Tension Control Systems. |
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| Thermal Horsepower |
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A measure of the heat energy generated by a friction device per unit of time. Ex: 1 Thermal Horsepower = 1341 watts or 1.341 Kw over a specific time period. |
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| Torque |
Static: The torque which is developed when there is no relative motion or slippage between the mating friction surfaces. A clutch which is fully engaged and driving exhibits Static torque. All standard units are rated on the basis of static torque after burnishing.
Dynamic: The torque developed when there is relative motion between the friction surfaces. The torque varies inversely with the amount of the slip, so specific values must be taken from Engineering data. |
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| UL - Underwriters Laboratory |
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An organization which tests electrical equipment for product safety in the USA. |
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| UM - Unimodule |
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C-faced mounting compatible, preassembled clutch and clutch/brake packages. |
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| UMC - Unimodule |
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C-faced mounting compatible, preassembled clutch and clutch/brake packages with ceramic friction faces for long life. |
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| Undercut |
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A process of cutting back one surface as compared to another such as the friction material from the magnet poles to allow burnishing of the pole edges. |
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| WR |
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A spring applied, fail safe packaged brake designed as a static holding brake. |
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